The release of copper-induced phytosiderophores in barley plants is decreased by cadmium stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A variety of factors affect the release of the mugineic acid family of phytosiderophores (PS) from the roots of graminaceous plants. We investigated the effects of copper (Cu) toxicity with or without cadmium (Cd) toxicity on PS release in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Minorimugi). To characterise the effect of Cu toxicity on PS release, 10 μmol·L−1 Cu (a 100-fold higher concentration than the control condition) was added to the plant culture medium. The results showed that PS release from the roots was stimulated in response to Cu toxicity. In a second experiment, 5 μmol·L−1 Cu was added to the medium with or without the addition of 5 μmol·L−1 Cd. In this experiment, the release of PS was drastically reduced in response to Cd. We suggest that Cu toxicity in barley is a signal that activates PS release by plant roots, whereas PS release induced by Cu toxicity is strongly attenuated by Cd toxicity. We propose that inhibition of PS release could be one of the harmful effects of Cd toxicity in plants. Our results provide new information about one of the responses of graminaceous plants to heavy metal stress.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".