Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic, progressive and debilitating disease. With worsening disease, a COPD patient will progressively become less physically active, will have reduced social contacts, and this will create a downward vicious circle. This review discusses the significant sequelae of physical inactivity in the COPD patient, approaches to assessment and management, and the impact of COPD exacerbations on the activities of daily life. Patients with COPD are markedly inactive in daily life. Referral to pulmonary rehabilitation and self-management education to promote increase physical activities should be an important part of the management of COPD. Acute exacerbations in COPD patients are severely distressing events that impact greatly on health status, loss of symptom control and functional state with limitation on activities of daily living. If we are to progress in the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD, it is evident that the effects of interventions on activities of daily living should be considered as an essential component of our goal of treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".