High-Frequency Radar Cross Section of the Ocean Surface for an FMCW Waveform
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first- and second-order monostatic cross sections of the ocean surface in the context of high-frequency ground wave radar operation are derived for a dipole source with a linear frequency-modulated continuous waveform. The Fourier coefficients of the rough ocean surface are described as zero-mean Gaussian random variables. The electric field equations for the reception of vertically polarized radiation scattered from the ocean surface are obtained. The range spectra are calculated by Fourier transforming the received signal within the sweep interval. Fourier transformation of the autocorrelations of the electric fields received from the time-varying surface gives the Doppler spectra (power spectral densities). The cross sections are obtained by direct comparison of the spectral results with the monostatic radar range equation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it