Compensation of Thermally Induced Distortion in Composite Structures using Macro-fiber Composites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the use of macro-fiber composite (MFC) actuators to compensate thermal deformation in composite structures. The specific objective is to determine if MFC actuators bonded on the surface of a composite plate have the ability when actuated to counteract thermally induced deformations. Both finite-element analyses and experiments are presented. First, the response of an aluminum plate and a unidirectional composite plate both subjected to a MFC actuator is predicted. Next, the response of an unsymmetric composite plate with two MFC actuators bonded on the surface is studied. In the first step, a uniform temperature change is applied which induces a large change in the structure shape due to the laminate's unsymmetric nature. In the second step, the MFCs are actuated to compensate the thermally induced distortion. The results show that MFC actuators can eliminate thermal deformations when a proper amount of voltage is applied. Finally, a series of experiments are conducted to study the piezoelectric effects and provide data to compare with the finite-element results. Correlation between experiments and simulations is excellent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".