Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract If nonhydrostatic internal waves are of sufficiently large amplitude, they undergo significant dispersion due to interactions between the waves and wave‐induced mean flow. The effect of these interactions is investigated for internal waves propagating upward in a uniformly stratified Boussinesq flow with uniform shear. The sign of the shear is established so that the wave intrinsic frequency increases as the wave packet propagates upward; hence linear theory predicts that the waves should reflect at some level. Fully nonlinear numerical simulations of two‐dimensional wave packets are performed to study the wave‐packet evolution as a function of the initial amplitude and spatial extent of the wave packet. It is shown that if the waves are horizontally periodic, and of sufficiently large amplitude, momentum is permanently deposited to the mean flow at altitudes near, but below, the reflecting level predicted by linear theory. If the waves are horizontally compact, the waves propagate upward well above the reflection level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".