Primary study of leptin and human hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression level and effects of leptin in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and to explore the correlation between them. METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 was cultured in vitro, and (the expression level) mRNA of leptin and leptin receptors in HepG2 were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Effects of different concentrations of leptin (50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL) on HepG2 were detected with colorimetric assay by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) after incubation periods of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Flow cytometry was performed to assess cell cycle progression of different concentrations of leptin as stated above after each 24 h incubation period. RESULTS: mRNA of leptin and leptin receptors (including short and long isoforms) were expressed in HepG2. The 72 h incubation of leptin at different concentrations (50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL) promoted proliferation of HepG2 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The experimental group shows significant statistical differences when compared to the controlled group which contained 0 ng/mL of leptin. As the concentration of leptin increases, significant fewer cells were detected in G0-G1 phase and more cells in S and G2-M phases. CONCLUSION: Leptin and leptin receptor are simultaneously expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. Addition of leptin (0 ng/mL-200 ng/mL) in 72 h periods indicated there is a concentration- and time-dependent correlation in the stimulation of HepG2 cell proliferation. The effect of proliferation by leptin is due to promotion of DNA synthesis and enhancement of mitotic activity. The relationship between leptin and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells might indicate that adipokine could be associated with the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".