Decreased Fasting and Oral Glucose Stimulated C-peptide in Nondiabetic Subjects With Sequence Variants in the Sulfonylurea Receptor 1 Gene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The high-affinity sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) plays an important role in regulating insulin secretion. In the Québec Family Study, we genotyped 731 individuals (685 nondiabetic [ND] subjects) for the SUR1 gene IVS15-3c-->t and exon 18 Thr759(ACC-->ACT) polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Phenotypes measured were fasting plasma glucose (GLU), fasting plasma insulin (INS), and fasting C-peptide (CPEP), as well as oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) responses; they were adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, and the sum of six skinfold thicknesses. In ND subjects, exon 18 Thr759(ACC-->ACT) T allele carriers (T+) had lower CPEP (P = 0.022, -12.8%) and acute C-peptide responses (area above basal in first 30 min [CP30]) (P = 0.051, -12.4%) than noncarriers (T-). Also, in those with the cT/tC haplotype (from both IVS15-3c-->t and exon 18 Thr759[ACC-->ACT] polymorphisms), CPEP (P = 0.005, -21.2%), CP30 (P = 0.034, -19.2%), and total C-peptide responses (P = 0.016, -20.2%) were lower than that in cT- subjects. In overweight individuals (BMI >25 kg/m2), differences between carriers and noncarriers of the T or cT alleles were greater for GLU (P = 0.023-0.034), CPEP (P = 0.021-0.015), acute OGTT insulin response (P = 0.014-0.019), and CP30 (P = 0.034-0.019). These results suggest that the T and cT allele variants are associated with lower insulin secretion parameters, particularly in female and overweight subjects, adding evidence to the role of SUR1 sequence variants in decreased insulin secretion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".