Correlation of Virus Replication in Tissues with Histologic Lesions in Atlantic Salmon Experimentally Infected with Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have studied the replication of virus in tissues and development of lesions associated with infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) infection in Atlantic salmon using in situ hybridization (ISH) with a riboprobe targeting ISAV RNA segment 7 messenger RNA. Fish were infected with three ISAV isolates (U5575-1, RPC-01-0593-1, Norway 810/9/99) and then euthanatized sequentially at 3, 6, 10, and 13 days postinoculation (dpi) and thereafter once a week for 8 weeks. Severe histopathologic lesions were observed in tissues from all groups beginning at the onset of mortality. The severe histopathologic lesions correlated with maximum intensity and frequency of ISH signals (P < 0.001). There was a strong association between the hybridization signals and severity of lesions in the liver, kidney, and heart (R = 0.81, 0.70, and 0.78, respectively; P < 0.001). The distribution of ISH signals indicated the presence of a viremia because signals were observed predominantly in individual blood cells and endothelial cells, and possibly hematopoietic cells of head kidney, but not in the necrotic hepatocytes and renal epithelium. Of the organs sampled, the heart was the first and last to show ISH signals, possibly because of increased activity of the endocardial endothelial cells and the underlining macrophages, which continuously trap and remove circulating virus, and therefore represents the best tissue sample for screening of suspected infected fish. On the basis of mortality, severity of lesions, and intensity and frequency of ISH signals, ISAV isolate Norway 810/9/99 was the most virulent and U5575-1 the least virulent isolate studied.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".