Assessment of lateral compression of the idiosoma in adult water mites as a taxonomic character and reclassification of <i>Frontipodopsis</i> Walter, <i>Wettina</i> Piersig and some other basal Hygrobatoidea (Acari : Hydrachnida)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Systematists have frequently interpreted lateral compression of the idiosoma in post-larval instars of water mites as a synapomorphy indicating common ancestry. This paper re-examines the evidence to support this assumption and concludes that lateral flattening has occurred independently several times during water mite evolution, and especially often in various basal clades of the superfamily Hygrobatoidea. Reassessment of the phylogenetic relationships of the genera attributed to these clades results in improved understanding of the early evolution and biogeography of hygrobatoid water mites and necessitates redefinition of several clades and significant revision of the family classification. The South African genus Karlvietsia K.O. Viets, 1962 is transferred from the subfamily Frontipodopsinae of the family Aturidae to the Hygrobatidae. The Australian genera Tasmanaxona Cook, 1986, Wheenyella Cook, 1986 and Wheenyoides Harvey, 1990 are also removed from Frontipodopsinae and placed with the genus Wettina Piersig, 1892, here removed from the family Pionidae, in the family Wettinidae Cook, stat. nov. Based on apparent relationship with members of Wettinidae, the South African genus Stormaxonella K.O. Viets, 1962 is transferred from the Aturidae and provisionally placed in the Wettinidae. The clade including the predominately Holarctic genus Lethaxona K.H. Viets, 1932 and the Western Hemisphere genus Lethaxonella Cook, 1963 is recognised as the probable sister group of Wettinidae, and these genera are consequently removed from the Aturidae and placed in Lethaxonidae, fam. nov. The genus Frontipodopsis Walter is reassigned from Aturidae to the now monobasic family Frontipodopsidae K.H. Viets, stat. nov. Finally, five new species are described, including Frontipodopsis ( Frontipodopsella ) sudafricanus , sp. nov., Wettina occidentalis , sp. nov., Karlvietsia simplex , sp. nov., Hygrobates ( Hygrobates ) gereckei , sp. nov. and Hygrobates ( Hygrobatides ) frontipodoides , sp. nov., and both Karlvietsia brevipalpis K.O. Viets and K. angustipalpis K.O. Viets are redescribed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".