Three-dimensional to two-dimensional data conversion for electromagnetic wave propagation using an acoustic transfer function: application to cross-hole GPR data
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We show analytically that a well-known transfer function previously derived for the scalar acoustic problem that converts measurements from a 3-D (real-world) setting to a 2-D equivalent is directly applicable to the vector electromagnetic borehole ground penetrating radar problem. We also show that the transfer function's precision is improved for the low-loss case through the use of complex velocity. The transfer function has a strong effect on amplitude, and is therefore a critical preprocessing step for 2-D full-wave inversion when finding conductivity is of concern. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the transfer function through various numerical experiments and a synthetic frequency-domain full-wave inversion. We also compare the effectiveness of this curved-ray transfer function to a quasi-straight-ray transfer function. The inversion demonstrates the positive effect the transfer functions have on recovering conductivity and also that they are effective even when there are sharp velocity contrasts.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it