A case series of two glomus tumors of the gastrointestinal tract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two recent cases of glomus tumors (GTs) of the gastrointestinal tract presented with symptoms of GI bleeding. GTs, typically benign lesions of mesenchymal origin, are rarely seen in the GI tract, and most commonly involve the distal appendages. This case series discusses the tumor biology, presentation, imaging, endoscopic findings, pathology and management of GTs. While diagnosis of GTs is typically made on final surgical pathology, there are defining characteristics that can separate a GT from a gastrointestinal stromal tumor on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and CT imaging. The classic pathological findings are discussed, and surgical decision-making is reviewed. New developments in the form of EUS-guided biopsy and endoscopic submucosal dissection present new avenues for diagnosis and treatment of submucosal lesions of the GI tract, including GTs. While typically a benign tumor requiring no adjuvant therapy, this study discusses some very rare cases of metastatic GT in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".