A selective CSMA protocol with cooperative nulling for ad hoc networks with smart antennas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper a media access control protocol is proposed for ad hoc network stations with adaptive antenna arrays. The protocol is based on the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (UCF) and uses omnidirectional RTS/CTS exchanges to initiate data packet transmissions. Unlike previous directional antenna MAC protocols, the proposed protocol accommodates the active nulling of co-channel interferers that may arise during the course of ongoing transmissions. This is done using a three-way handshake where neighboring stations cooperate during link activations thus allowing the active receiver to dynamically null potential future interfering packet transmissions. The protocol uses omnidirectional transmission combined with beamformed reception, and is referred to as selective CSMA with cooperative nulling (SCSMA/CN). Packet type identification is used to enable/disable carrier sensing based upon whether or not existing transmissions are protected by antenna beamforming. Simulation results are presented which show that the proposed protocol can achieve higher capacity than previous comparable MAC protocols. The results also include the effects of transmit power control on system performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".