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Record W2135477332 · doi:10.1002/ceat.201100119

Biodiesel Production from the Lipid of Wastewater Sludge Using an Acidic Heterogeneous Catalyst

2011· article· en· W2135477332 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueChemical Engineering & Technology · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicBiodiesel Production and Applications
Canadian institutionsWestern University
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaSnap
KeywordsCatalysisBiodieselMesoporous materialBiodiesel productionMicroreactorScanning electron microscopeWastewaterNuclear chemistryYield (engineering)Materials scienceHeterogeneous catalysisChemical engineeringChemistryPulp and paper industryWaste managementOrganic chemistryComposite material

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract The production of biodiesel from the lipid of wastewater sludge was studied using SBA‐15 impregnated with the heteropolyacid H 3 PO 4 ·12WO 3 ·xH 2 O (PW 12 ) as a mesoporous heterogeneous catalyst. X‐ray diffraction, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area, thermalgravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were applied to characterize the prepared catalysts. Catalytic performances were evaluated in a microreactor setup under different experimental conditions. The biodiesel yield for a sample impregnated with 15 % PW 12 was 30.14 wt‐% at a temperature of 135 °C and a pressure of 135 psi for 3 h reaction time.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.005
Threshold uncertainty score0.563

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.025
GPT teacher head0.202
Teacher spread0.178 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it