The Globus Pallidus, Deep Brain Stimulation, and Parkinson's Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Loss of dopaminergic innervation leads to hyperactivity in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), the main output nucleus of the basal ganglia and to a profound disturbance in the function of motor circuits. Lesions of the GPi (or in its upstream modulator, the subthalamic nucleus) can greatly improve the motor symptoms of PD presumably by reducing this pathological activity. Paradoxically, high-frequency electrical stimulation of the GPi (deep brain stimulation, DBS) mimics the effects of pallidotomy and has become an accepted therapeutic technique. The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of pallidal DBS are not known. Various mechanisms that might account for inhibiting or disrupting the pathological pallidal outflow by high-frequency DBS have been proposed ranging from depolarization block to stimulation-evoked release of GABA, and these are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".