Sensitized Ce<sup>3+</sup> and Gd<sup>3+</sup> Ultraviolet Emissions by Tm<sup>3+</sup> in Colloidal LiYF<sub>4</sub> Nanocrystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
I see UC UV! Gd3+/Tm3+/Yb3+- and Ce3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-doped LiYF4 nanocrystals are capable of generating UV, visible, and NIR upconversion (UC) emissions following λ=980 nm excitation (see figure). Gd3+ and Ce3+ can be sensitized by the Tm3+ ion, which results in UV upconversion in the region of λ=280–340 nm, making them attractive as biological probes or novel scintillating materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".