Local Stresses and Crack Displacements in Reinforced Concrete Elements
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The average stress condition in a reinforced concrete (RC) element is not identical to the local stress condition at a crack because of bond slip between the concrete and the reinforcement. After a review of previous research concerning local stresses at cracks, this paper presents local equilibrium and compatibility equations for RC elements given constitutive models for bond and friction. A procedure is described for analyzing the in-plane pure shear response of orthogonally reinforced concrete panels. The procedure considers stress variations between cracks, the crack formation process, and the slip δt accompanying the friction across a crack. Corresponding analytical results are compared with previous experimental work. It is shown that after the residual tension at the crack is lost, the slip δt increases almost proportionally to the normal crack displacement δn. Accompanying local shears τct remain because of friction even when the normal crack displacement continues to increase.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it