Population genetic structure of the western cherry fruit fly <i>Rhagoletis indifferens</i> ( <scp>D</scp> iptera: <scp>T</scp> ephritidae) in <scp>B</scp> ritish <scp>C</scp> olumbia, <scp>C</scp> anada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Population connectivity and movement are key ecological parameters influencing the impact of pests, and are important considerations in control strategies. For many insects, these parameters are difficult to assess directly, although they may be assessed indirectly using population genetic data. We used microsatellite markers to examine population genetic structure of the western cherry fruit fly, the main pest of cherry crops in western N orth A merica, in B ritish C olumbia, C anada, and make inferences about connectivity and potential for movement among populations. Comparing populations from four geographical regions (separated by up to approximately 400 km), we found significant genetic differentiation both among and within regions. Using populations as the units of analysis, we observed significant isolation by distance ( IBD ) at larger spatial scales but not below approximately 20 km. By contrast, using individual flies as the units of analysis, we found significant IBD at scales as small as < 100 m. We saw no evidence of genetic differentiation among populations sampled from different species/varieties of plants. Our results suggest that the movement of individual flies is limited, although high levels of gene flow are maintained at scales of up to 20 km, possibly through combined effects of stepping‐stone gene flow and large population sizes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it