Utilization of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of nuclear polyhedrosis virus infections of gypsy moth (<i>Lymantria dispar</i>, Lep., Lymantriidae) populations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Three specific DNA probes were used for the detection of the nuclear polyhedrosis (NPV) virus of Lymantria dispar (LdNPV) genome. Two of these probes, H2 and H3 were obtained by classical cloning method and one (TR6) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These probes, used individually or in a pool in the standard slot–blot hybridizations, were able to detect 109 genome copies. By performing 35 cycles of PCR amplification before hybridization with primers specific to LdNPV genome on DNA extracted from infected larvae, the sensitivity of the hybridization technique was increased, so that as little as 10 copies of the LdNPV genome could be detected. Using these methods, L. dispar naturally infected by LdNPV were identified among field populations in Canada and in the United States near the eastern Canadian border. Using a combination of PCR and hybridization, LdNPV contamination of egg masses were also detected. By disinfecting the eggs with sodium hypochlorite prior to PCR amplification and hybridization, it was also demonstrated that transmission of viral infection in the natural populations is mainly caused by external contamination of the egg and is unlikely to occur through the transovarial route.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".