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Record W2137294144 · doi:10.7202/1006915ar

Les aspects méthodologiques des mesures de la multi-nationalité : une analyse des firmes multinationales américaines1

2011· article· fr· W2137294144 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Alan M. Rugman, Chang Hoon Oh

Bibliographic record

VenueManagement international · 2011
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicInternational Business and FDI
Canadian institutionsBrock University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHumanitiesPolitical sciencePhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cet article présente une discussion critique des mesures d’envergure et d’échelle utilisées pour évaluer la multi-nationalité. Il existe deux manières de mesurer la multi-nationalité (parfois appelée la diversification internationale) des entreprises. Une revue de la littérature portant sur l’utilisation des deux types de mesures est proposée et ensuite les deux mesures sont appliquées pour tester la nature régionale des activités internationales. Les résultats montrent que la méthode appropriée consiste à utiliser les mesures d’échelle qui captent le degré de multi-nationalité, comme la part des ventes réalisées à l’étranger. Cet article apporte une vérification empirique que les mesures d’envergure, qui comptabilisent le nombre de pays où l’entreprise a une filiale, ne sont pas satisfaisantes. L’article fournit une nouvelle mesure d’échelle des activités intra-régionales des grandes entreprises américaines.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.011
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.034
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.017
Threshold uncertainty score0.059

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0110.034
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0050.009
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0060.003
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.107
GPT teacher head0.344
Teacher spread0.237 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2011
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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