SMALL SCHOOLS IN RURAL SETTINGS: IMPACT OF A MULTI-SCHOOL MANAGEMENT APPROACH ON PUPILS, STAFF AND PARENTS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Keeping schools open in small or remote communities is a major challenge. Short of transporting children out of their community to larger ones, effective cost-reduction measures are required. One approach is multi-school management, where one individual is the acting director (or principal) for two or more schools. The aim of this paper is to present the results of an empirical study of the perceived impact of this approach. A total of 18 elementary schools (6 with a single director and 12 with multi-school directors) were included in the study, generating 4 samples: 18 directors; 182 teachers; 1235 pupils; 1598 parents. All participants filled out a questionnaire aimed at evaluating school climate, overall satisfaction, communication, school achievement, problem behaviours and organizational climate. Results indicated that parents are the ones who react the most negatively to a multi-school management approach
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".