Barriers to Teenage Mobility in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Conventional approaches to the management of transportation demand have had limited success in reducing automobile dependency. As a result, it has become increasingly important to understand the decision-making processes involved in determining travel behavior. To develop a more complete picture of travel behavior, research should consider diverse groups of travelers with various mobility abilities and needs. Research on urban form and travel behavior was extended beyond adult travel by examining teen travelers of 13 to 19 years of age in the greater Toronto area, Ontario, Canada. The issue was probed through the collection of quantitative and qualitative travel data from first-year students at the University of Toronto. The survey explored attitudes toward different modes in relation to the locational attributes of the respondent's hometown neighborhood. The narratives of the survey participants illustrate that the final travel choice is determined by the presence of supportive infrastructure that not only facilitates active mode choices but also shapes the perceptions and attitudes that teens form as a result of daily travel experiences. Findings underscore the importance of providing genuine choices that meet the needs of teens and other travelers with limited mobility.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".