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Cesium and Cesium Compounds

2011· other· en· W2137864091 on OpenAlex
William Ferguson, Dena Gorrie

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueKirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology · 2011
Typeother
Languageen
FieldChemistry
TopicRadioactive element chemistry and processing
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCaesiumRubidiumAlkali metalChemistryPotassiumRadiochemistryInorganic chemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract Cesium is a member of Group 1(IA) alkali metals. It resembles potassium and rubidium in the metallic state, and the chemistry of cesium is more like that of these two elements than like that of the lighter alkali metals. Cesium is the rarest of the naturally occurring alkali metals (ranking 40th). The most commercial cesium source is pollucite. Canada is the world's largest cesium source containing approximately two‐thirds of the known ore. Pure cesium is a silvery white soft, ductile metal. Pollucite preparation consists of mining the ore, crushing it to size, followed by hand picking. The three methods of converting pollucite to cesium metal or compounds are direct reduction, decomposition, and acid digestion. The cesium market is small. The metal is highly reactive and special precautions are necessary for handling and shipping. Cesium isotopes are used in medical and biotechnology applications. Cesium's principal application is in formate brines, used for oil and gas drilling exploration. Cesium is used for time standards based on the vibration of the atom. Cesium is used also in electronic and chemical applications. Cesium compounds are manufactured by comparatively a large number of companies and are discussed.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.251
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0020.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.225
Teacher spread0.217 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it