Biocompatible Hydrogel from a Green Tide-Forming Chlorophyta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The green-tide chlorophyta Ulva contains the functional acidic polysaccharide ulvan in its cell wall. Here, we focused on the development of a novel soft material that can be used as a biocompatible ion exchanger. Combining chitosan and ulvan solutions was found to yield a hydrogel with various functions. This ulvan-chitosan polyion complex gel was more stable than an alginic acid-chitosan gel under both acidic and basic conditions. However, an ulvan-chitosan gel-coated vessel showed only a mild effect of preventing blood clotting, whereas a heparin-chitosan gel-coated vessel prolonged clotting time. In terms of the ion-exchange behavior, the ratio of the CuSO4-concentration in a CuSO4 solution treated with the gel to that in a solution without the gel showed that increasing the initial CuSO4 concentration increased CuSO4 adsorption in the gel. These studies show that this novel hydrogel can be used as an ion exchanger as well as in other applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".