Numerical Simulation of Sound from Flow over an Airfoil with a Blunt Trailing Edge
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the sound generated by flow over an airfoil with a blunt trailing edge. Numerical simulations were performed using the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM) with the Very Large-Eddy Simulation (VLES) approach. The distinct advantage of LBM over other Navier-Stokes based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods lies in its ease of handling problems with complex geometries. A 3-D simulation over a 45 o asymmetric blunt trailing edge with a freestream Mach number of M1 D 0:09 and Rec D 1:85 10 6 was performed. Comparisons were made with detailed experimental data for validation. A computed shedding frequency of fLBM D 215 Hz was obtained. The measured frequency was fexp D 219 Hz. The discrepancy could be attributed to differences between the experimental and numerical setup. The far-field noise was predicted using both the solid and porous Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FWH) surface integral acoustic method. The far-field spectra showed good agreement with experiments up to the grid cut-off frequency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".