Are the Ottawa ankle rules helpful in ruling out the need for x ray examination in children?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Ottawa ankle rules (OAR) are a set of guidelines to help the physician as to decision making regarding need for x ray examination after ankle and mid-foot injury. A previous best evidence topic report examined whether these rules could be applied to children.1 At that time there was insufficient evidence to make a determination. This appraisal updates that topic. ### Structured clinical question In a child with history of ankle injury [patient] are the Ottawa ankle rules [test] reliable in eliminating the need for x ray examination in some patients without the risk of missing fractures [outcome]? ### Search strategy and outcome #### Secondary sources Cochrane—two trials that involved children were found in Central. #### Primary sources PubMed—(Clinical Queries) Ottawa ankle rules AND child. One systematic review was found that included 27 studies, six of which were pertaining to children, two of which were the trials found in Central. Eight total prospective studies were found; six were …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.092 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".