Mating-induced cumulus-oocyte maturation in the shrew, Suncus murinus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The musk shrew, Suncus murinus, is an induced ovulator, the cumulus oophorus of which is unusual in several respects: it has no matrix, it always induces the acrosome reaction and it appears to be essential for fertilization. The present study documents distinctive features of the cumulus oophorus before and after ovulation, and of copulation-induced maturation of the ovulatory follicle, which has no antrum. In unmated females, potentially responsive ovarian follicles are distinguishable from large secondary follicles by differentiation of the granulosa into outer and inner cell layers, the latter being characterized particularly by intracellular glycogen deposits. The average number of responsive follicles equates with the number that ovulate. By about 10 h after mating, meiosis has reached metaphase II, with extrusion of the first polar body. Coincidentally, a cavity has developed between the inner and outer follicular layers, demarcating the smaller cells of the granulosa from the glycogen-rich cells of the cumulus oophorus. Subsequently, the glycogen becomes restricted primarily to the inner cumulus, and the corona cells began to retreat from the zona pellucida surface to form an unusual very distinct perizonal space that is clearly evident at the time of ovulation. The cumulus is stabilized by gap and tight junctions, and presents a smooth external surface that appears to initiate the acrosome reaction. After fertilization, at which time the zona pellucida becomes more resistant to both trypsin and dithiothreitol, the cumulus develops intercellular lacunae, and is eventually discarded about 15 h after ovulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".