Strategic Management in National and Chinese Primary School in Malaysia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Strategic management is a set of managerial skills that should be used throughout the organization especially for all school leaders in a wide variety of functions to achieve organizational vision and mission or goals. This study aims to examine the level of practice of strategic management among the school administrators of National Primary School and Chinese Primary School in Seremban, Malaysia, in 12 aspects of school management. A total of 30 teachers from National Primary School and 30 teachers from Chinese Primary School were taken as respondents in this study. The instrument used in this research was questionnaires and the analysis of this quantitative data employed descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The result of the study showed that there was a significant difference based on the types of the school in which the level of practice of strategic management among school administrators in Chinese Primary School was higher than the National Primary School. The findings are useful for school leaders, teachers and all school practitioners as well as policy makers of strategic planning and management issues as well as practices which exist in the twelve aspects studied. Implications for research and practice were discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".