Kinematic GNSS-PPP results from various software packages and raw data configurations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
[EN] In this study, kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) was tested. The raw data were taken from permanent stations, two airplane trajectories, a car trajectory and a walking trajectory. International GNSS Service (IGS) final products were used in the post-processing phase. The observations were processed using four different on-line software packages: the Canadian Spatial Reference System On-line Global GPS Processing Service (CSRS-PPP), the GPS Analysis and Position Software (GAPS), the Automatic Precise Positioning Service (APPS) and the Magic Global Navigation Satellite System (MagicGNSS). The results and comparisons are described in detail. The main conclusion is that an accuracy better than 10 cm for the planimetric measurements and better than 20 cm for the altimetric measurements can be achieved using the kinematic PPP method in any of the proposed tests. However, at present, the success of the technique is affected by the software used, and differences at the 0.5 m level can be found for the same specific epoch.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".