Open-channel turbulent flow through bar racks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe paper reports on an experimental study of turbulent open-channel flow near small-scale and large-scale bar rack models. The experiments were conducted for a wide range of bar depth, bar shape, bar spacing and bar inclination to the approach flow. The contours of the mean velocity near the small-scale models revealed that bar inclination produced asymmetric flow, a potential threat for vibration failure. The reconstructed fluctuating velocity fields obtained from proper orthogonal decomposition revealed strong organization of vortical structure downstream of the aligned bars compared to the inclined bars. The head loss coefficient generally increased monotonically with blockage ratio and bar inclination. Significant reduction in head losses was observed when square leading edges of rectangular bars are replaced by round leading edges, or if streamlined profile cross-section bars were used instead of rectangular bars.Keywords: Bar inclinationbar rackbar shapehead lossproper orthogonal decomposition AcknowledgementsFinancial support from NSERC CRD and Manitoba Hydro is greatly acknowledged.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".