Notes on the genus <i>Nupela</i> (Bacillariophyceae) including the description of a new species, <i>Nupela scissura</i> sp. nov. and an expanded description of <i>Nupela paludigena</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY Two species of the diatom genus Nupela are reported from freshwater lakes situated along the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina, USA. One of the species, N. scissura sp. nov., is described as new and the description of the other, Nupela paludigena (Scherer) Lange‐Bertalot, is expanded to include a full suite of ultrastructural characters. Nupela scissura is a heterovalvar taxon with one valve having a fully developed raphe identical in structure to those found on other Nupela species. The other valve lacks a true raphe, but presents one to several elongated slits in the apical portion of the sternum. The true identity of the slits, whether they represent a highly reduced raphe, a rudimentary raphe, or neither is unknown. In addition, both valves of a single N. scissura frustule differ in the structure of the axial and central areas. The structure of the areolae and details of the raphe clearly place this species in Nupela. Nupela paludigena (Scherer) Lange‐Bertalot was originally described in the genus Anomoeoneis from acidic and humic localities from the south‐eastern part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and later transferred to Nupela. Although this species has rarely been reported since its description, our findings indicate that it is a common component of the floras in the Carolina bays of North Carolina. The characteristics currently used to circumscribe taxa within the genus Nupela are discussed in light of published work and our own observations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".