Segment of Rat Chromosome 20 Regulates Diet-Induced Augmentations in Adiposity, Glucose Intolerance, and Blood Pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous linkage and association studies have suggested that a region of human chromosome 6 containing the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha gene is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and obesity-associated hypertension. The aim of the present investigation was to establish whether a segment of rat chromosome 20 (RNO20), which also contains the TNF-alpha gene, determines diet-induced changes in adiposity and blood pressure (BP). The results showed that a transfer of the RNO20 segment from the normotensive Brown Norway (BN) rat onto the background of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is associated with a significantly greater increase in adiposity, glucose intolerance, circulating leptin levels, and BP during 12-week, high-fat-diet feeding. In contrast, the transfer is not associated with significant changes in these variables during 12-week, normal-diet feeding. In addition, sequencing of the TNF-alpha gene revealed differences between SHR and BN in the 5'- and 3'-regulatory regions of the gene. Subsequent analyses of TNF-alpha gene expression in fat, muscle, and liver, however, did not provide support for the functional involvement of these differences. In summary, the investigated RNO20 segment contains 1 or more gene variants that affect adiposity, glucose tolerance, serum leptin levels, and BP, but only when the animals are exposed to a particular environment, ie, high-fat-diet feeding. Further studies are needed to identify genes mediating these effects. Considering current changes in our lifestyle involving an increased calorie and fat intake, we believe that gene-environment interactions, such as those described here, play an important role in the current epidemic of obesity and obesity-associated hypertension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".