The triad of poverty environment and child health in Nairobi informal settlements.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Twenty four focus group discussions and 62 in depth interviews were conducted in four informal settlements in Nairobi in 2002 to explore the community members’ expression and understanding of the linkages between urban poor environments and childhood illnesses. Community members identified respiratory tract infections diarrhea malaria skin problems and malnutrition as the five leading illnesses among children aged under-5 years. The mothers linked these illnesses to lack of adequate and clean water unsafe waste disposal systems lack of adequate and nutritious food and air pollution. The ability of the mothers to make these linkages which are quoted verbatim in the paper shows that their children’s illnesses could mainly be due to the impoverished status and environments rather than their mothers’ lack of biomedical conceptualization of disease processes. The opportunity for child survival programs exists as illustrated by the communities’ conceptual understanding of the linkages between the environment and child health outcomes. The challenge for any child survival program is therefore to build on it. (authors)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".