Slow Periodic Events and Their Transition to Gamma Oscillations in the Entorhinal Cortex of the Isolated Guinea Pig Brain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Slow (<1 Hz) periodic activity is a distinctive discharge pattern observed in different cortical and sub-cortical structures during sleep and anesthesia. By performing field and cellular recordings, we demonstrated that slow periodic events (0.02-0.4 Hz) are spontaneously generated in the entorhinal cortex of the in vitro isolated whole brain of the guinea pig. These events were characterized by gradually developing runs of low-amplitude (50-300 microV), high-frequency (25-70 Hz) oscillations superimposed on a slow potential that lasted 1-3 s. Both slow and fast components showed a phase reversal in the superficial layers. In layer II-III entorhinal neurons, the slow periodic events correlated to a slowly developing depolarizing envelope capped by subthreshold membrane potential oscillations and action potential discharge. Slow periodic field events propagated tangentially across the entorhinal cortex and could be triggered by stimulation of superficial associative fibers, suggesting that they were generated by and propagated via network interactions in the superficial layers. Slow periodic events were reversibly abolished by muscarinic excitation elicited by carbachol (50 microM) that promoted intracellular membrane potential depolarization associated with continuous fast oscillatory activity in the gamma frequency range. These results suggest that, as proposed in vivo, activity changes in the entorhinal cortex of the in vitro isolated guinea-pig brain reflect different activation states that are under cholinergic control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".