MicroRNA: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Cancer
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Machine scores (provisional)
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The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
- Teacher spread
- 0.246 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
- Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline· verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression. MicroRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerases II and III, generating precursors that undergo a series of cleavage events to form mature microRNA. The conventional biogenesis pathway consists of two cleavage events, one nuclear and one cytoplasmic. However, alternative biogenesis pathways exist that differ in the number of cleavage events and enzymes responsible. How microRNA precursors are sorted to the different pathways is unclear but appears to be determined by the site of origin of the microRNA, its sequence and thermodynamic stability. The regulatory functions of microRNAs are accomplished through the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). MicroRNA assembles into RISC, activating the complex to target messenger RNA (mRNA) specified by the microRNA. Various RISC assembly models have been proposed and research continues to explore the mechanism(s) of RISC loading and activation. The degree and nature of the complementarity between the microRNA and target determine the gene silencing mechanism, slicer-dependent mRNA degradation or slicer-independent translation inhibition. Recent evidence indicates that P-bodies are essential for microRNA-mediated gene silencing and that RISC assembly and silencing occurs primarily within P-bodies. The P-body model outlines microRNA sorting and shuttling between specialized P-body compartments that house enzymes required for slicer – dependent and – independent silencing, addressing the reversibility of these silencing mechanisms. Detailed knowledge of the microRNA pathways is essential for understanding their physiological role and the implications associated with dysfunction and dysregulation. Keywords: MicroRNA, RNA interference (RNAi), Post-transcriptional gene regulation, Cancer, interference, Post-transcriptional, Biogenesis, RNA polymerases, RISC, P-bodies, Caenorhabditis elegans, (tRNA), (rRNA), (siRNA), (snoRNA), dsRNA, junk DNA, DNA methylation, DGCR8, (TRBP), (PACT), RNA Helicase A, Ago2, eIF2C2, Dicer, TRBP, PACT, (PKR), G:U wobble, Dcp1, Dcp2, RNA degradation, (HMGA2), CLL, MiR-21, PTEN, TPM1, miR-17-92, E2Fs, apoptosis, E2F3, qRT-PCR
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The record
- Venue
- Current Genomics
- Topic
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Canadian institutions
- Dalhousie University
- Funders
- —
- Keywords
- Gene silencingmicroRNAArgonauteRNA-induced silencing complexBiologyCell biologyDicerRNASmall RNARNA silencingRNA interferenceComputational biologyGeneticsGeneNon-coding RNA
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes