Enhanced benefit of increasing interferon beta-1a dose and frequency in relapsing multiple sclerosis: the EVIDENCE Study.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The EVIDENCE (Evidence of Interferon Dose-Response: European North American Comparative Efficacy) Study demonstrated that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who initiate interferon beta-1a therapy with 44 microg 3 times weekly (TIW) were less likely to have a relapse or activity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with those who initiate therapy at a dosage of 30 microg 1 time weekly (QW). OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of changing the dosage from 30 microg QW to 44 microg TIW in this extension of the EVIDENCE Study. DESIGN/PATIENTS: Patients with relapsing MS originally randomized to interferon beta-1a, 30 microg QW, during the comparative phase of the study changed to 44 microg TIW, whereas patients originally randomized to 44 microg TIW continued that regimen. Patients were followed up, on average, for an additional 32 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The within-patient pretransition to post-transition change in relapse rate. RESULTS: At the transition visit, 223 (73%) of 306 patients receiving 30 microg QW converted to 44 microg TIW, and 272 (91%) of 299 receiving 44-microg TIW continued the same therapy. The post-transition annualized relapse rate decreased from 0.64 to 0.32 for patients increasing the dose (P<.001) and from 0.46 to 0.34 for patients continuing 44-microg TIW (P = .03). The change was greater in those increasing dose and frequency (P = .047). Patients converting to the 44-mug TIW regimen had fewer active lesions on T2-weighted MRI compared with before the transition (P = .02), whereas those continuing the 44-microg TIW regimen had no significant change in T2 active lesions. Patients who converted to high-dose/high-frequency interferon beta-1a therapy had increased rates of adverse events and treatment terminations consistent with the initiation of high-dose subcutaneous interferon therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving interferon beta-1a improved on clinical and MRI disease measures when they changed from 30 microg QW to 44 microg TIW.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".