Ozonation of Biologically Treated Landfill Leachate: Treatment Efficiency and Molecular Size Distribution Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A wide range of ozone doses were used to oxidise biologically treated Clover Bar landfill leachate, and results were compared to those of a previous study that involved aged raw leachate. The COD, BOD5 and colour of the leachate were measured prior to and after ozonation. The molecular size distribution of each sample was also analysed. At an ozone dose of 2.6 g l(-1), COD and colour removal efficiencies were 47% and 91%, respectively, while BOD5 increased by 324%. The BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.02 prior to ozonation to approximately 0.2 following an ozone dose of 5.5 g l(-1), indicating improvement in the leachate biodegradability. Ozonation was very effective in reducing the concentration of organic compounds with molecular weights larger than 300 Dalton. After ozonation, no new peaks representing small molecules were observed. Relationships representing ozone dose, COD, BOD5, and the BOD5/COD ratio, as functions of total peak area of molecular size distribution, were determined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".