General Defences in Criminal Law: Domestic and Comparative Perspectives
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Contents: Introduction. Part I: How criminal defences work, William Wilson Avoiding criminal liability and excessive punishment for persons who lack culpability: what can and should be done?, Bob Sullivan Prior fault: blocking defences or constructing crimes, J.J. Child Transfer of defences, Michael Bohlander Consent in the criminal law: the importance of relationality and responsibility, Jonathan Herring Good and harm, excuses and justifications, and the moral narratives of necessity, Susan Edwards Duress and normative moral excuse: comparative standardisations and the ambit of affirmative defences, Alan Reed Of blurred boundaries and prior fault: insanity, automatism and intoxication, Arlie Loughnan and Nicola Wake Mistaken private defence: the case for reform, Claire de Than and Jesse Elvin Statutory defences of reasonableness: inexcusable uncertainty or reasonable pragmatism, Christopher J. Newman How do they do that? Automatism, coercion, necessity, and mens rea in Scots criminal law, Claire McDiarmid In a spirit of compromise: the Irish doctrine of excessive defence, John E Stannard. Part II: Australia, Mirko Bagaric Canada, Kent Roach France, Catherine Elliott Germany, Kai Ambos and Stefanie Bock Islamic law, Mohammad M. Hedayati-Kakhki The Netherlands, Erik Gritter New Zealand, Julia Tolmie South Africa, Gerhard Kemp Sweden, Petter Asp and Magnus Ulvang Turkey, R Murat Onok United States of America, Luis E Chiesa. Index.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it