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Record W2143367288 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v65i4.1157

Does Etomidate Increase Vasopressor Requirements in Patients Needing Mechanical Ventilation?

2012· article· en· W2143367288 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Mary Elliot, Glen Brown, I fan Kuo

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAdrenal Hormones and Disorders
Canadian institutionsVancouver General Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEtomidateMedicineIntubationAnesthesiaMechanical ventilationOdds ratioNorepinephrinePropensity score matchingConfidence intervalAdrenal insufficiencyClinical endpointRandomized controlled trialSurgeryInternal medicine

Abstract

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Background: Single-dose etomidate is used as an induction agent for rapid-sequence intubation and is associated with transient adrenal insufficiency. There is ongoing debate as to the clinical consequences of this transient adrenal insufficiency for critically ill patients. Objective: To determine if the use of etomidate is associated with higher requirements for a vasopressor, relative to other induction agents, at a single time point (24 h after administration of the induction agent) in patients needing mechanical ventilation. Methods: In this retrospective observational study utilizing electronic health records, a convenience sample of 50 patients who had undergone intubation in the emergency department with etomidate were matched (1:1) with patients who had received other induction agents. Matching was based on primary admitting diagnosis relating to the cause of shock, APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score, age, and sex. All patients were subsequently admitted to critical care areas for management. As a surrogate marker of hemodynamic instability, the vasopressor dose was recorded 24 h after intubation. Vasopressor doses were converted to norepinephrine equivalents for comparison. Results: The mean dose of vasopressors, in norepinephrine equivalents, was 4 μg/min-1 for patients receiving etomidate and 3 μg/min-1 for the control group (mean difference 0.7 μg min-1, 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.9 to 3.2 μg min-1, p = 0.61). Twelve of the patients in the etomidate group and 16 of those in the control group required the use of vasopressors at 24 h following intubation (odds ratio 2.3, 95% CI 0.53 to 13.99, p = 0.34). Conclusions: Single-dose etomidate does not adversely affect hemodynamic stability, as measured by the dose of vasopressors required at 24 h after administration. RÉSUMÉ Contexte : L’étomidate administré en dose unique est utilisé comme agent d’induction pour l’intubation en sequence rapide et est associé à une insuffisance surrénalienne transitoire. Il existe toujours une controverse quant aux conséquences cliniques de cette insuffisance surrénalienne transitoire chez les malades en phase critique. Objectif : Déterminer si l’utilisation d’étomidate est associée à des besoins accrus en vasopresseurs, par rapport à d’autres agents d’induction, à un moment unique (24 heures après l’administration de l’agent d’induction) chez les patients ayant besoin de ventilation artificielle. Méthodes : Dans le cadre de cette étude d’observation retrospective réalisée à partir de dossiers médicaux électroniques, un échantillon de commodité de 50 patients ayant subi une intubation dans le service des urgences au moyen d’étomidate ont été appariés (1:1) avec des patients qui avaient reçu d’autres agents d’induction. L’appariement était fondé sur le diagnostic principal à l’admission relatif à la cause du choc, l’indice APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), l’âge et le sexe. Tous les patients ont été par la suite admis à des unités de soins intensifs pour être pris en charge. On a consigné la dose de vasopresseurs administrée 24 heures après l’intubation comme critère de substitution de l’instabilité hémodynamique. Les doses de vasopresseurs ont été converties en équivalents-norépinéphrine à des fins de comparaison. Résultats : La dose moyenne de vasopresseurs, en équivalentsnorépinephrine, était de 4 μg/minute chez les patients recevant de l’étomidate et de 3 μg/minute chez les patients du groupe témoin (différence moyenne de 0,7 μg/minute, intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 %: –1,9 à 3,2 μg/minute, p = 0,61). Douze des patients du groupe étomidate et 16 du groupe témoin ont eu besoin de vasopresseurs 24 heures après l’intubation (risque relatif approché de 2,3, IC à 95 % : 0,53 à 13,99, p = 0,34). Conclusions : L’administration d’une dose unique d’étomidate n’affecte pas la stabilité hémodynamique, d’après les mesures des doses de vasopresseurs requises 24 heures après l’administration de l’étomidate.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.014
Threshold uncertainty score0.716

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.293
Teacher spread0.272 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations5
Published2012
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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