Tobacco smoking prevalence and patterns in Croatian pupils in year 2011 - Results of Croatian national Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Important changes have occurred in the prevalence and patterns of cigarette smoking by young people. Given the known consequences of smoking for morbidity and mortality and the nature of smoking habits established during adolescence, changes in smoking behaviors carry extraordinary implications for the health of these youngsters throughout their lives. Aims and objectives: to investgate the prevalence and pattern of cigarette smoking among Croatian pupils. Methods: The Croatia GYTS (Global Youth Tobacco Survey) was a school-based survey of pupils in 7 th and 8 th grade primary, and 1 st grade secondary school conducted in year 2011. A two-stage cluster sample design was used to produce representative data for all of Croatia. A total of 3,551 students aged 13-15 participated in study. Results: The overall response rate was 90.1%. Any form of tobacco is currently used by 28.6% pupils (boys = 28.6%, girls = 27.9%); 66.5% of pupils had ever smoked cigarettes (boys = 66.6%, girls = 65.9%). More than one-quarter (27.2%) currently smoke cigarettes (boys = 26.7%, girls = 27.0%); 12.0% smoke daily manufactured cigarettes (boys = 12.1%, girls = 11.2%); 14.9% currently smoke cigars (boys = 15.2%, girls = 14.1%). Almost one quarter of ever smokers initiated smoking before age ten (boys = 30.4%, girls = 16.3%). Of never smokers, even 22.1% are likely to initiate smoking next year. Conclusions: The results of Croatian GYTS 2011 indicate significant tobacco use and exposure to tobacco among pupils in Croatia. There is an urgent need to prevent tobacco smoke prevalence among these individuals and reduce morbidity and mortality throughout their lives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".