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Limits on Gravitational-Wave Emission from Selected Pulsars Using LIGO Data
B. Abbott, R. Abbott, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ageev, B. Allen, R. Amin, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, M. C. Araya, H. Armandula, M. C. B. Ashley, F. Asiri, P. Aufmuth, C. Aulbert, Рамачандран Баласубраманиан, S. Ballmer, B. C. Barish, C. Barker, D. Barker, M. Barnes, B. Barr, M. A. Barton, K. Bayer, Raymond G. Beausoleil, Krzysztof Belczyński, R. Bennett, S. J. Berukoff, J. Betzwieser, B. Bhawal, I. A. Bilenko, G. Billingsley, E. Black, K. Blackburn, Lindy Blackburn, B. Bland, B. Bochner, L. Bogue, R. Bork, S. Bose, P. R. Brady, V. B. Braginsky, J. E. Brau, D. Brown, A. Bullington, A. Bunkowski, A. Buonanno, R. Burgess, D. Busby, William E. Butler, Robert L. Byer, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, J. B. Camp, C. A. Cantley, L. Cardenas, K. Carter, M. M. Casey, J. Castiglione, A. Chandler, J. Chapsky, P. Charlton, S. Chatterji, S. Chelkowski, Y Chen, V. Chickarmane, A. Taracchini, N. Christensen, D. Churches, Thomas Cokelaer, C. N. Colacino, R. L. Coldwell, M. Coles, D. Cook, T. R. Corbitt, D. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, D. R. M. Crooks, P. Csatorday, B. J. Cusack, Curt Cutler, E. D’Ambrosio, K. Danzmann, E. J. Daw, D. DeBra, T. Delker, V. Dergachev, R. DeSalvo, S. Dhurandhar, A. Di Credico, M. C. Díaz, H. Ding, R. W. P. Drever, R. J. Dupuis, Jeffrey A. Edlund, P. Ehrens, E. J. Elliffe, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, S. Fairhurst, Carsten Fallnich, D. Farnham, M. M. Fejer, T. Findley, M. Fine, L. S. Finn, K. Y. Franzen, A. Freise, R. Frey, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, M. Fyffe, K. S. Ganezer, J. A. Garofoli, J. A. Giaime, A. Gillespie, Keisuke Goda, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, S. Goßler, P. Grandclément, A. Grant, C. Gray, A. M. Gretarsson, D. Grimmett, H. Grote, S. Grünewald, M. Guenther, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, W. O. Hamilton, M. Hammond, J. Hanson, C. Hardham, J. Harms, I. W. Harry, A. Hartunian, J. Heefner, Y. Hefetz, Gerhard Heinzel, I. S. Heng, M. Hennessy, N. Hepler, A. Heptonstall, M. Heurs, M. Hewitson, S. Hild, Neil Hindman, P. Hoang, J. Hough, M. Hrynevych, W. Hua, Masahiro Ito, Y. Itoh, A. Ivanov, O. Jennrich, Ben A. Johnson, W. W. Johnson, W. R. Johnston, D. I. Jones, Lynne Jones, Dieter Jungwirth, V. Kalogera, E. Katsavounidis, K. Kawabe, Seiji Kawamura, W. Kells, Jonathan Kern, A. Khan, S. Killbourn, C. J. Killow, C. Kim, C. King, Peter King, S. Klimenko, S. Koranda, K. Kötter, J. Kovalik, D. B. Kozak, B. Krishnan, M. Landry, John Langdale, B. Lantz, R. Lawrence, A. Lazzarini, Mingxing Lei, I. Leonor, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, A. Libson, P. E. Lindquist, S. Liu, J. Logan, M. Lormand, M. Lubinski, H. Lück, T. T. Lyons, B. Machenschalk, M. MacInnis, M. Mageswaran, K. Mailand, Walid A. Majid, M. Malec, F.M. Mann, A. Marin, S. Márka, E. Maros, James Mason, K. Mason, O. Matherny, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, M. McHugh, J. W. C. McNabb, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, S. Meshkov, Eirini Messaritaki, C. Messenger, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, O. Miyakawa, S. Miyoki, Soumya D. Mohanty, G. Moreno, K. Mossavi, G. Mueller, S. Mukherjee, P. G. Murray, J. Myers, S. Nagano, T. Nash, R. K. Nayak, G. Newton, F. Nocera, J. S. Noel, P. Nutzman, T. Olson, B. O’Reilly, D. J. Ottaway, Adrian C. Ottewill, D. Ouimette, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, Yijie Pan, M. A. Papa, V. Parameshwaraiah, C. Parameswariah, M. Pedraza, S. Penn, M. Pitkin, M. V. Plissi, R. Prix, V. Quetschke, F. J. Raab, H. Radkins, R. Rahkola, M. Rakhmanov, Shanti Rao, K. Rawlins, S. Ray‐Majumder, V. Re, D. Redding, M. W. Regehr, T. Regimbau, S. Reid, K. T. Reilly, K. Reithmaier, D. H. Reitze, S. Richman, R. Riesen, K. Riles, B. Rivera, Anthony Rizzi, D. I. Robertson, N. A. Robertson, L. Robison, S. Roddy, J. G. Rollins, J. D. Romano, Haisheng Rong, D. Rose, E. Rotthoff, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, P. Russell, K. Ryan, I. Salzman, V. Sandberg, G. H. Sanders, V. Sannibale, B. S. Sathyaprakash, P. R. Saulson, R. L. Savage, A. Sazonov, R. Schilling, Kevin C. Schlaufman, V. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, B. F. Schutz, P. Schwinberg, S. M. Scott, Shawn Seader, A. C. Searle, B. Sears, S. Seel, Frank Seifert, A. S. Sengupta, Charles Shapiro, P. Shawhan, D. H. Shoemaker, Q. Z. Shu, A. Sibley, X. Siemens, L. Sievers, D. Sigg, A. M. Sintes, J. R. Smith, M. Smith, P. Sneddon, Robert Spero, G. Stapfer, D. Steussy, K. A. Strain, D. Strom, A. L. Stuver, T. Z. Summerscales, M. C. Sumner, P. J. Sutton, Julien Sylvestre, Akiteru Takamori, D. B. Tanner, H. Tariq, Ian Taylor, R. Taylor, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thorne, M. Tibbits, S. Tilav, Massimo Tinto, K. V. Tokmakov, C. Torres, G. Traylor, W. Tyler, D. Ugolini, C. Ungarelli, M. Vallisneri, M. van Putten, S. Vass, A. Vecchio, J. Veitch, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyachanin, L. Wallace, H. Walther, R. L. Ward, Brent Ware, K. Watts, D. Webber, Adam M. Weidner, U. Weiland, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, H. Welling, L. Wen, S. Wen, J. T. Whelan, S. E. Whitcomb, B. F. Whiting, S. Wiley, C. Wilkinson, Patrick Willems, P. R. Williams, R. Williams, B. Willke, A. Wilson, B. J. Winjum, W. Winkler, S. Wise, A. G. Wiseman, G. Woan, R. Wooley, J. Worden, W. L. K. Wu, I. Yakushin, H. Yamamoto, S. Yoshida, K. D. Zaleski, M. Zanolin, I. Zawischa, L. Zhang, Renjie Zhu, N. Zotov, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig, M. Krämer, A. G. Lyne
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical Review Letters · 2005
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicPulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaLeverhulme TrustNational Science FoundationJohn Simon Guggenheim Memorial FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
KeywordsLIGOPulsarPhysicsGravitational waveInterferometryAmplitudeAstrophysicsDetectorAstronomySensitivity (control systems)Phase (matter)Globular clusterOpticsStarsQuantum mechanics
Abstract
We place direct upper limits on the amplitude of gravitational waves from 28 isolated radio pulsars by a coherent multidetector analysis of the data collected during the second science run of the LIGO interferometric detectors. These are the first direct upper limits for 26 of the 28 pulsars. We use coordinated radio observations for the first time to build radio-guided phase templates for the expected gravitational-wave signals. The unprecedented sensitivity of the detectors allows us to set strain upper limits as low as a few times 10(-24). These strain limits translate into limits on the equatorial ellipticities of the pulsars, which are smaller than 10(-5) for the four closest pulsars.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.700
Threshold uncertainty score0.736
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.068
GPT teacher head0.396
Teacher spread0.328 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations172
Published2005
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes