Presence of functional vasopressin receptors in spinal ventral horn neurons of young rats: a morphological and electrophysiological study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of the present work was double. (i) Light microscopic autoradiography was used to determine the distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin binding sites in the spinal cord of rats. (ii) Whole-cell recordings were performed in lumbar spinal cord slices in order to assess whether these receptors are functional, whether they are located pre- or postsynaptically and whether they are present in motoneurons. In newborns, vasopressin binding sites of the V1a type were present in all laminae of the central gray at all segmental levels, whereas oxytocin binding sites were found only in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn. In adults, binding sites for both neuropeptides were also present, but were less dense. The dissociation constants for vasopressin were similar in newborns and adults. Whole-cell recordings showed that in identified motoneurons vasopressin exerted a direct effect, by inducing a membrane depolarization or by generating a sustained inward current, and an indirect effect, by enhancing glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory transmission. Vasopressin-induced facilitation of inhibitory transmission could also be demonstrated in unidentified ventral horn neurons. All these effects were mediated by V1a but not V1b receptors. In some neurons, glycinergic transmission was also facilitated by a selective oxytocin receptor agonist. Our data, together with data obtained previously in brainstem motor nuclei, suggest that vasopressin of hypothalamic origin could play a role in motricity. The neuropeptide could act as a neuromodulator, because it would not directly activate motoneurons, but rather render them more responsive to incoming excitatory inputs. Vasopressin may thus act as a regulator of muscular force.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".