Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol using Fe-TiO2 by Different Illumination Sources
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A Fe-doped titanium dioxide (Fe-TiO2) was prepared using hydrothermal method and used for degradation of phenol from aqueous solution. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and showed a presence of both TiO2 and Fe2O3 peaks. The photocatalytic activity of Fe-TiO2 catalyst was evaluated for oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution using different illumination sources. Visible light irradiation from sun, UV light sources with 190 and 390 nm, fluorescence and dark environment were used and found that the degradation of phenol was in the order of 7.8%, 12%, 7.5%, 6.8% and 5% obtained after 24 h, respectively. It was found that the increase in exposure time to UV, the increase in solution temperature and pH have increased the rate of phenol degradation in solution. This rate was best fitted using first order kinetic model with reaction constant of .
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".