Gastrointestinal Kaposi’s sarcoma: CD117 expression and the potential for misdiagnosis as gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: Gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) may mimic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) histologically. Studies have shown that KS outside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract may express CD117, an antibody usually used to support a diagnosis of GIST. The aim was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of GI KS, including the expression of CD117 with and without antigen retrieval. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fourteen GI KS were assessed histologically, 12 of which were also subjected to immunohistochemistry for CD34, human herpesvirus (HHV) 8, DOG1 and CD117. CD117 immunohistochemistry was performed with and without antigen retrieval. All cases showed an infiltrative spindle cell tumour. Lamina propria infiltration, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, extravasated red blood cells and haemosiderin were typical histological features. In all cases tumour cells were positive for CD34 and HHV8, but negative for DOG1. CD117 was positive in four of 12 cases without antigen retrieval and 10 of 12 cases with antigen retrieval. CONCLUSIONS: The microscopic distinction of GI KS from GIST can be difficult. Clues that raise the possibility of GI KS include young patient age, a history of immunosuppression, lamina propria infiltration, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, extravasated red blood cells and haemosiderin deposition. Use of the immunomarkers CD117 (without antigen retrieval), HHV8 and DOG1 may aid in the distinction between GI KS and GIST.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".