Improved OFDMA Uplink Transmission via Cooperation in the Presence of Frequency Offsets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate the performance improvement in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) uplink achievable with cooperative relaying in the presence of frequency offsets. We consider both the amplify- and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relays. In each transmission, each node plays two roles i.e., the source node and relay, simultaneously, but at different subcarriers. The proposed scheme improves performance without sacrificing the transmission rate and power of the cooperative relays, and the total power used to transmit each symbol, including the power consumed in node the source node and the relays, is kept constant. The outage information rates of the proposed cooperative transmission scheme are derived, and the diversity gain of each forwarding mode in an interference-limited environment is analyzed in this paper. Numerical results illustrate the superior performance of the proposed scheme over the conventional transmission with regard to outage information rate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".