Surface chemistry and reactivity of bacteriogenic iron oxides from Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge, north‐east Pacific Ocean
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Iron oxides were collected from the caldera of Axial Volcano, a site of hydrothermal vent activity along the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Mineralogical inspection using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the majority of samples to be 2‐line ferrihydrite, with one of the samples corresponding to poorly ordered goethite. Examination using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) found the constituents of the iron oxides to consist predominantly of bacterial‐like structures that resembled the iron oxidizing bacteria Leptothrix ochracea, Gallionella ferruginea and a novel PV‐1 strain. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detected the presence of Fe, O, C, N, Ca, Si and P on all the samples with the exception of poorly ordered goethite, where Ca and P were absent, in addition to a weak N peak. Binding energy shifts of the Fe 2p and O 1s peaks were indicative of ferrihydrite and hydroxyl functional groups, while the presence and speciation of the C 1s peak was attributed to the presence of bacteria. Use of acid‐base titration data modelling in conjunction with a linear programming regression method (LPM) indicated that the iron oxides are composed of heterogeneous surface functional groups. Differences in iron oxide reactivity values correlated with differences in the bacterial and mineral fabric of the samples. The diverse surface chemistry and high reactivity of these iron oxides may be important in the global cycling of various elements throughout the oceans due to their presence along widespread mid‐ocean ridges.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it