Bibliographic record
Abstract
Résumé Avant la première guerre mondiale, à Barcelone, se sont combinés deux « styles » différents d’investissement étranger parmi ceux qui ont émergé dans l’économie globale à la fin du xix e siècle. Des industriels allemands du secteur de l‘électrotechnique, en association avec des banquiers d’investissement spécialisés, commencèrent le processus d’électrification dans les années 1890 et 1900 en constituant des compagnies filiales opérationnelles, qui fournissaient des équipements à des clients captifs. Après 1911, un style différent d’investissement étranger direct, originaire du Canada et déployant différentes stratégies technologiques, financières et d’affaires, créa un monopole hydroélectrique régional intégré. Cet article compare les réalisations et les échecs des deux styles, d’une part l’ Unternehmergeschäft , de l’autre le venture capitalism canadien.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".