2,5‐Functionalized Spiro‐Bisiloles as Highly Efficient Yellow‐Light Emitters in Electroluminescent Devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract New spiro‐bisilole molecules functionalized with nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic groups including 7‐azaindolyl, indolyl, and 2,2′‐dipyridylamino have been synthesized. These molecules are found to display good chemical and thermal stability. They are luminescent in solution and in the solid state with an emission color ranging from blue–green to yellow, depending on the functional group. In the solid state, they display high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (32–40 %). The electroluminescence properties for one of the new molecules, 2,3,3′,4,4′,5‐hexaphenyl‐2′,5′‐bis( p ‐2,2′‐dipyridylaminophenyl)spiro‐bisilole, have been investigated by fabricating single‐layer and double‐layer electroluminescent devices. The double‐layer device, in which N , N ′‐bis(1‐naphthyl)‐ N , N ′‐diphenylbenzidine acts as the hole‐transport layer and the functionalized spiro‐bisilole functions as the emitter (emission wavelength = 566 nm) and the electron‐transport layer, displays a brightness of 8440 cd m –2 at 9 V with a current efficiency of 1.71 cd A –1 . No evidence of exiplex emission is observed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".