Metallurgical analysis of magnetic pulse welds of AZ31 magnesium alloy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnesium AZ31 sheets have been lap welded with magnetic pulse welding using H shaped symmetric coils connected to a Pulsar MPW-25 capacitor bank. The joints displayed an increasing trend in strength with discharge energy. The weld morphology consisted of twin bond zones separated by an unbonded centre zone. Metallographic examination of the unbonded centre zone revealed anisotropic deformation and a lack cleaning from the interface. This zone forms as a result of normal impact in the initial stage of collision. Transmission electron microscopy of the bond zone revealed a continuous interface having an 8–25 μm thick interlayer with dislocation cell structure and distinct boundaries with adjacent material. The interlayer may have formed in a semisolid state at elevated temperature. The interlayer corresponds to a ductile fracture surface and is responsible for the joint's high strength. Nanoscale grains were found beside the interlayer as well as larger, highly elongated grains.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".