Management of Malaria by Medicine Retailers in a Nigerian Urban Community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Malaria is one of the leading causes of sickness and death in Nigeria. A considerable proportion of malaria treatments occur through self-medication via medicines bought from medicine retailers. This study was aimed at determining the knowledge, prescribing and selling practices of medicine retailers in an urban community in Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered to retailers in 230 medicine outlets in the Surulere local government area, Lagos state, Nigeria. The questionnaire focused primarily on the availability and distribution of different anti malarial medicines, retailers’ perception of malaria and their response to complaints of the illness from patrons. Moderate correlation (r, (208) ≥ 0.13, p< 0.05) between patrons’ symptoms and the prescription of chloroquine revealed that the retailers had a fair knowledge of how to diagnose malaria. We however observed a number of therapeutic challenges, which may be overcome by suitable educational intervention to improve upon the knowledge and treatment practices of medicine retailers in Nigeria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".