Can Autistics Identify with Jake Barnes? The Case of Autism and the Hemingway Narrator in the Sun Also Rises
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ernest Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises is an early example of paraliptic narration, or the rhetorical technique of revealing by omission. Jake Barnes, the narrator, fits this bill because he exhibits startling incommunicability with respect to tale-telling and “reading” of other characters. I argue that this technique, gives Jake Barnes autistic qualities. At the same time, cognitive literary theorists have indicated that autistic readers might have difficulty understanding narrators of this type due to what they call “mindblindness”. They argue that without T.O.M. (Theory of Mind Mechanism), readers cannot make appropriate judgments about the narration. I argue the counter-point; invoking Kenneth Burke, I argue that autistic readers can understand paraliptic narrators because they can identify with them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".